Spectrophotometer Concentration and Standard Curve Essay

Lab Report 4 Biology 103 Prof. Dr. Johnson Spectrophotometer; the finding of protein concentration of an unknown sample of BSA, and by using the standard curve. Abstract A spectrophotometer’s purpose is to use colors of the light spectrum to determine the concentration of light absorbing molecules in a solution. (p.59) In this particular lab, our mission was to determine the protein concentration and the standard curve of the unknown sample of BSA. This, by preparing five dilutions of the unknown solution of BSA together with other known concentrations, and then experimenting by observing how the concentrations were passed through the spectrophotometer. The outcome resolved in the absorption levels being decreased, and this†¦show more content†¦The same solution of 0.5 ml BSA was then added from test tube 1 to the test tube 2 after being properly mixed, and from test tube 2 the solution was being added to test tube 3, and so forth all the way up to test tube 5, with the same exact procedure. From the last tube, we then disposed the 0.5 ml solution. After above procedures, we now labeled another test tube â€Å"blank†; 0.5 ml blank distilled water was purred into the tube with the serial dilution of 1:10. We also had a tube C labeled â€Å"unknown† with the same 0.5 ml of solution. And after adding 5ml of Coomassie Blue to each tube (1-5) and to the blank, the result of absorbance was read at 595 nm. Result | Protein Concentration( µg/ml) | Absorbance(595 nm) | Tube 1 | 120 | .922 | Tube 2 | 60 | .557 | Tube 3 | 30 | .377 | Tube 4 | 15 | .180 | Tube 5 | 7.5 | .082 | Unknown: .759 | The ending result of this experiment confirms that as five test tubes are lined up with the varying level of absorbance, different results in the level of absorbance will appear as well, this is visible in above table. Thus, this is due to the varying amount of water in the solution. The blank sample had a 0.30 in its level of absorbance. Calculating serial dilutions and their concentrations (Examples of test tube 1 and test tube 2for respective dilution and concentration) Dilution or D = previous dilution (if any) Ãâ€"theShow MoreRelatedBradford Assay On Unknown Concentrations Of Proteins1459 Words   |  6 PagesBradford Assay on Unknown Concentrations of Proteins Taylor Coleman September 27, 2016 Lab Group 3 BIOL 1111: General Biology Lab Fall 2015 Section 107 Chad Perry Abstract Colorimetric assay is a process of determining a concentration of a solution based on absorbance of light. The purpose of this lab is to determine if the Bradford assay is an accurate way to determine an unknown concentration of two samples of protein. The Bradford assay is done by measuring wavelength of light passingRead MoreDETERMINING THE GLUCOSE CONTENT OF AND ORANGE USING GOD Essay1439 Words   |  6 Pagesorange was used. An orange which is an excellent source of vitamin C gets its sweetness from natural sugars which are sucrose, glucose and fructose (livestrong.com). In this experiment the concentration of glucose in an orange was measured. There are various methods which can be used to measure the glucose concentration but in this experiment a highly specific enzymatic method using the GOD-PAP assay (glucose oxidase peroxidase aminophenazone phenol) (schedule coventry,2013). This assay is based on 2Read MoreLab Report On The Lab Essay725 Words   |  3 Pagesinteresting as the main idea seemed to be the proper use and importance of a spectrophotometer but was completed in such a bizarre manner that I am unsure as to wether this was the original purpose or not. The first portion of the experiment seemed to be a practice 10 fold serial dilution using the chemical bromophenol blue, and was treated as a quantitative experiment. The second portion of the experiment used known concentrations , which was created though a second ten fold serial dilution with the chemicalRead MoreInvestigation Into Haemoglobin Levels And The Relationship Between Absorption And Concentration1139 Words   |  5 PagesInvestigation into haemoglobin levels, and the relationship between absorption and concentration. 551+146+85+71 = 853 Introduction 82+41+56+108+57+70+41+96 =551 Haematology, is a well-used important tool for diagnosing anaemia in patients, via a full blood count alongside a blood film. There are many parameters considered, from Haemoglobin levels, white blood counts and platelet counts to full white blood cell counts, also referred to as a full blood count ( FBC ) (Bain, 2006) ;(National InstituteRead MoreThe Effect Of Temperature On Enzyme Activity1718 Words   |  7 Pagescalibration curve was created to convert the absorbance level measured into units (mg/mL) of starch. The method of spectrophotometry was implemented to quantify the results of an iodine test to measure the amount of starch remaining after its reaction with amylase. Starch, amylase, water, and IKI were all used in the experiment. Other equipment included a spectrophotometer, test tubes labeled 1-4, a test tube rack, and volumetric pipettes to obtain the amylase, starch, water, and buffer. A standard curveRead MoreThe Equation Of Equilibrium Constant1365 Words   |  6 Pagesreferred to, is the ratio of the molar concentrations of the reactants and products for the reaction. But in order for the ratio to be accurate the system must of reached equilibrium and temperature must have stayed constant. The value of Keq obtained from all our experiments was nearly constant because our percent error was only 6 percent. The values for the equilibrium constant should be constant because the ratio for Keq consists of the molar concentrations of the reaction. And at equilibrium theRead MoreVerification Of Manufacturer Claims Of Protein Content1065 Words   |  5 Pagesmanufacturers, this experiment was done to test to see if the protein in commercially available products is correct. A spectrophotometer was used to measure the concentration of the molecule that was being investigated. A colorimetric indicator was added to the standards, and a graph was formed. The graph was used to determine the mathematical relationship between concentration and absorbance. In this experiment three product’s protein content (whole milk, muscle milk, and protein shake) were testedRead MoreBetacyanin Essay1324 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Effects of temperature manipulation and solution treatment on the Beta vulgaris craca plant cell membrane and the change of the concentration of betacyanin when placed under these various stresses Introduction: The Beta vulgaris craca plant, commonly referred to as the beet root contains a pigment, red in colour, called betacyanin. The betacyanin’s containment within the cells of the beet root cell relies on the stability of the plant’s membrane structure. The manipulation of the cell’s membranesRead MoreEssay about Lab Report1401 Words   |  6 Pagesprovided were made by homogenizing tissues in a sucrose phosphate buffer in a 1:20 ratio. The protein concentration in bovine cells was measured by diluting the homogenate with a 1:5 ratio; 50 microliters of homogenate and 200 microliters of water. Then 5 known protein concentration samples which were 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 1.6, 2.0 mg/ml of bovine serum were used to determine absorbance with a spectrophotometer. Two additional samples were made; one was blank and the other was for the specific homogenate sampleRead MoreConcentration Of Iron And Chemical Substance1486 Words   |  6 PagesConcentration of Iron in an Unknown Sub stance Jack Boswell Experiment 5 Megan Otting and Dr. Caster Introduction: The objective of this lab was to determine the concentration of iron (Fe+2) in an unknown substance using a spectrophotometer. Spectrophotometry is a process that uses a sample solution to determine how much light a chemical substance absorbs by measuring the intensity of a beam of light passing through the solution. Every substance transmits light over a specific wavelength range

Analysis Of The Movie The War Against Bullying

Deniz Hernandez Dr. Ball TH 4398 B April 2, 2015 â€Å"The War against Bullying† I. Introduction It started with the name-calling. We had just moved to Houston from California and I was about to begin the third grade at Thompson Elementary. I was â€Å"the new girl!† The â€Å"tall† girl with an â€Å"accent† that nobody wanted to be friends with. I was the â€Å"odd and ugly† girl in the third grade. It was a group of six boys and girls that decided to make my year miserable by bullying me. I never hated school so much. In fact, I remember frequently lying to my parents about being sick because, I did not want to attend school. However, the verbal and emotional abuse continued and I had decided to remain silent. According to the National Center for Education†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Its effects on victims, perpetrators, and even bystanders are both immediate and long term and can affect the development and functioning of individuals across generations.†(Donegan 2). What follows after this, will emphasize on the types of bullying, define the problem and its negative impact on students, and discuses nonviolent alternatives to address the matter. II. Definition of Bullying and Its effects According to research by the U.S. Department of Health Human Services, bullying is consider being a form of violence in schools and consists of two people, a bully or intimidator and a victim. â€Å"Bullying is unwanted, aggressive behavior among school aged children that involves a real or perceived power imbalance†¦the behavior is repeated†¦or has the potential to be repeated, over time†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (â€Å"www.stopbullying.gov†) It includes direct or indirect actions such as hitting, verbally assaulting face-to-face, etc. or starting rumors and gossip with the intentions of ruining the victims’ self-esteem and gaining a sense of superiority and power over him or her. Research shows that bullying has a negative impact on the following: the target, the bully, bystanders, and the school environment. In fact, many victims of bullying experience depression, anxiety, feelings of loneliness and isolation, disconnection from school and lose interest in school. In addition, they have a higher risk of substance abuse and in extreme cases,

Euro Crisis Stand off Between France and Germany

Question: What have been the main roles performed by the International Monetary Fund and the European Central Bank in resolving the financial crisis experienced by Greece in recent years? Answer: Introduction The major economic system in the world are going through a phase of turmoil with rising debt crisis. The economy of Greece has been experiencing crisis since the year 2009 which has had serious implications on the government debt sustainability which has increased from 103% of GDP to soaring over 170% of GDP, contracting the economy by 25% , raising unemployment to 25% and making the banking system unstable. (Bulmer, 2014)The Eurozone governments, International Monetary Fund(IMF) and European Central Bank (ECB) has adopted and implied a number of policies alongside measures in order to end the crisis. The crisis in Greece has affected other member states in the Eurozone as they share a common currency, monetary policy and controls fiscal and banking policies.(Blanchard, 2014) The report is a comprehensive reflection of the various endeavors that have been undertaken by International Monetary Fund (IMF) and European Central Bank (ECB) in resolving the financial crisis that Greece is experiencing in the recent period. IMF has 189 participating countries from around the world whereas ECB consists of the European countries that have agreed to the Eurozone agreement. The report deals with the financial assistance and mentoring help that IMF and ECB extended to Greece for a comprehensive bail out to emerge out of its crisis situation. The crisis in Greece started to grow since the 1990s when the government of the country adopted Euro as its national currency which resulted in lower borrowing costs. (Mitsopoulos, 2011)As Greeces policies were controlled by European Central Bank (ECB) rules and regulations, investors trusted the economy and started lending money. Majority of the funds were utilized for serving government spending, compensate for lower tax earning s. IMF and ECB have extended several financial assistance packages to the country to offset its current debt situation as discussed below.(Abboushi, 2011) Role of IMF ECB in Greece crisis Greece crisis was revealed in 2009 when the newly elected government revealed the budgetary deficits of the country, which distanced the country from capital markets as investors started growing uncertain regarding Greeces financial position. Greece position impacted other countries in the Eurozone as investors were hesitant regarding the sustainability of their public finances. Threatening the European banking system as a whole with slowed economic progress and increased unemployment, International Monetary Fund and European Central Bank extended benefits in the light of crisis.(Matsaganis, Social policy in hard times: The case of Greece. Critical Social Policy, 2012) In 2010 and 2012 IMF and other Eurozone government extended two financial package totaling to Euro 240billion. Greece utilized the fund for fiscal and structural adjustments that changed budget deficit from 9.9% of GDP to a surplus of 1.5% in 2014.(De Grauwe, What kind of governance for the eurozone?. , 2010) ECB responded to the Greece crisis by purchasing or pledging to purchase bonds in secondary market through Securities Market Program (SMP) and the Outright Monetary Transactions program (OMT). ECB had forwarded Euro 1 trillion through three-year, low cost loans or long-term refinancing operations (LTRO) into 800 banks in Eurozone. ECBs contributions has been greatly considered important in stabilizing Eurozone especially financial markets and in reducing crisis. ECB extended several purchases through the money market instruments available and also extended mentoring of the financial situation to help Greece bailout of its current economic crisis. However Germany was opposed to the idea of extending help to Greece. Greece a member of Eurozone was feared to spread its crisis to the other European countries. IMF major shareholder being USA supported Greece and extended financial assistance package and also regular mentoring to help Greece bailout of its current situation.(Roubini, 2010) Greece upon receiving the first financial assistance failed to adopt economic reforms related to taxes, fiscal targets, pensions and debt levels. The government highlighted that the first assistance was utilized in paying off most of the past debt payments, upon being deferring payments to creditors. The country called for disbursing the second financial assistance Euro 7.2 billion as it altered on its payments to the IMF in 2015 Euro 1.5 billion. Hence IMF along with other Eurozone countries agreed on extending the third financial assistance package. IMF hence provided a Euro 30 billion under Stand-By-Arrangement(SBA) through its standard lending instruments.(De Santis, 2012) Greece had several governments change during the period of crisis which led to inappropriate applications of required reforms in the country. (Stuckler, 2012) The agreement that IMF and ECB made to finance Greece with Euro 110 Billion financial package along with certain reforms that the country had to make. IMF will analyze the progress of Greece on its assistance on quarterly basis. The following reforms were demanded from Greece in exchange for the assistance. (Bohn, The 2010 euro crisis stand-off between France and Germany: leadership styles and political culture., 2011) Reduce Debt: Greece was continuously unable to repay its loans to IMF and ECB , there needed to be reforms made in its policy. The allocation of the funds of the financial assistance needed to be applied appropriately for it be able to repay back its loans in time. The agreement was made in the light that Greece would be able to tackle its debts and start a growth trajectory within the country. IMF and ECB was deeply interested in seeing the procedure Greece embraced in terms of budgetary cuts, freezing wages and pension for three consecutive years and increase tax. (Blanchard, 2014)These measures would directly address Greeces fiscal and debt issues and will enable the economy utilize the financial assistance for deep reforms to strengthen the economy and put it back on growth tracks. The Greek Prime Minister George Papandreou as well as European Union Economic and Monetary Affairs Commissioner Olli Rehn and IMF Managing Director Dominique Strauss-Kahn agreed that massive measures w ere adopted to prevent further crisis and gain control over Greeces public finances which will eventually modernize the Greek economy. IMF extended these measures as a means for Greece to overcome its current crisis levels. Greece could only reduce its burden of debt by repaying off its previous loans with proper financial planning of its fiscals.(Janssen, 2010) In order to make Greeces government finances sustainable and reducing its fiscal deficits the debt to GDP ratio needs to be on a downward trending. The wages and social benefits is 75 % of total public spending in Greece. The government will curtail any programs that extend social security benefits but will continue to provide benefit to the vulnerable.(MLA, 2011) The pension program will discourage early retirement and encourage to work for more number of years. (Matsaganis, The welfare state and the crisis: the case of Greece, 2011).The government also proposed to curb military expenditure in the period. To improve current business climate: IMF and ECB implied that Greece adopting the measures suggested by them in the international front would not only allow the economy recover from the past but also improve its overall business climate. Though IMF recognizes that the initial period will be stressful for Greece but the fiscal measures reforms would help make the economy more dynamic and robust.(Lattemann, 2008) The measures suggested by IMF and ECB will help Greece be on a growth trajectory, create more jobs and an environment for future sustainability. IMF further suggested that Greece adopt steps to reform its current labor market and labor market policies that will enable it to generate better incomes, will attract investment in state enterprises improving the overall business environment. Foreign investors have become hesitant about investing into Greece companies and state control enterprises but adopting suitable reforms and lowering overall salaries in the labor market will at tract those investors. (Mitsopoulos, 2011)These increased numbers of businesses in the country will generate jobs and pay taxes which will create earnings for the government. The government of Greece was also instructed by IMF and ECB to reform policies in regards to waste as that would greatly impact utility from products and reduce wastes.(Matsaganis, Social policy in hard times: The case of Greece. Critical Social Policy, 2012) Greece needed to also adopt stringent measures to fight corruption by elimination non-transparent procuring practices. IMF along with ECB wanted Greece to improve the existing business environment including political, technological, social changes in the country. (Mamadouh, 2011)IMF and ECB indicated that the environment for conducting business in Greece was not appropriate as people tend to retire early and enjoy pension benefits also the bodies aimed to curb the several benefits the governments extends to the people on summer, Christmas, Easter bonuses . This social reform was meant to encourage people to work more and would d also encourage several foreign companies to set up their facilities in Greece. (Douzinas) Accept Measures: Greece would accept any measures that IMF Managing Director and European countries extend. According to direction given by IMF and ECB Greek governmental authorities started consolidate fiscal measures to 5% of GDP and accept legislative actions. (De Santis, 2012)Great emphasis was made to provide fair measures within the economy that included protection of the most vulnerable. The measure stress of IMF was put on tackling twin issues within Greece of debt and competitiveness.(Visvizi, 2012). IMF and ECB identified through their constant monitoring of the Greece economy that the impounding debt and financial crisis in Greece was majorly allocated to its inability to accept measures laid down by them and incapability within its economy to accept modernized measures. IMF and ECB both proposed at modernization of the Greece economy in the light of the crisis that was overhauling its economy. But earlier governments had failed to assess the graveness of the situation and the results that could come from Greece not reforming its policies. Earlier government had used the recurring financial help to repay off its existing debts, interests and to fund government expenditures. In the final assistance package extended by IMF it was agreed that Greece will have to accept the remedial measures as suggested on its current economic status and accept the necessary implications that arise from applying such measures. Making Greece economy competitive : Greece would adopt measures to reform its policies to these waste reduction, reduce tax evasion and provide protection to the poor. IMF proposed that Greece needed to make its economy more competitive in order to make it pro-growth which implied that policies and reforms that were traditional in nature needed to be modernized. (De Grauwe, What kind of governance for the eurozone?. , 2010)Modernization of the Greek economy will open up opportunities for all, indigenous as well as foreign investors. Competitiveness measures as indicated by IMF directed at cost controlling and reduction of inflation such that Greece could regain control over prices and ensure price competitiveness. (Knight, 2015) Greece was at a budgetary deficit of 13.6% of GDP with public debt mounting to 115% of GDP in 2009. The Greece government in response to IMF indications aimed to consolidate fiscal deficits to 11% of GDP and designed adjustments such that general government deficit rounds of to 3% by 2014 as against 13.6% in the year 2011. (Wyplosz, 2012)Greece economy was functioning at the tail end of Eurozone countries prior to its crisis period. This further made the crisis financially and economically to settle in Greece easily.(Chamley, 2011) The governmental spending measures will be targeted to yield savings of 51/4% of GDP throughout 2013. The government also aimed to freeze pension and wages for three years and abolish payment during Christmas, Easter and summer bonuses while accommodating the lowest income group.(Matsaganis, Social policy in hard times: The case of Greece. Critical Social Policy, 2012) The financial markets in Greece especially the debt market major restructuring. Lenders and international investors were weary regarding Greece financial markets capability to deliver. IMF and ECB wanted Greece to increase its ratings in financial markets such that it could attract investments.(Mantanika, 2011) The major governmental revenues raised through value-added tax, taxes on luxury items, tobacco, alcohol and so on will raise a 4% of GDP in 2013 alone. The government will administer a stringent measure to collect taxes from individuals especially those susceptible to tax evasion.(De Santis, 2012) The tax system was also meant to safeguard revenue from large taxpayers. The budgetary controls were also regarded as an important step in controlling deficits and reduce burdens of debt. The net gain from administering structural reforms was expected to be 1.8% of GDP in the program period.(Lapavitsas, 2012) A Financial Stability Fund was created from the external sources of financing received to ensure proper bank equity and avoid misappropriation of funds. Previous governments in the beginning of the crisis period had misappropriated the funds meant for the country bailing out of the crisis period. This led apprehension in the mind of ECB as well as IMF in regards t its capabilities to repay off dents. Hence IMF on its quarterly monitoring indicated that the country devise a mechanism whereby the financial assistances can be redirected to yield much better results for the country.(Bohn, The 2010 euro crisis stand-off between France and Germany: leadership styles and political culture. , 2011) Conclusions Greece has been gradually recovering from its state of crisis with the several aids that it has received. The financial aid that has been forwarded by IMF and ECB in times of financial breakdown helped the economy regain back its economy and keep the basics functioning. However the most valuable input to the country had been the policies and propositions that IMF along with ECB suggested to help restructure its economy. (De Santis, 2012)Though majority of the steps came at considerable costs and raised speculations regarding the economies stability and viability. Yet the country has been able to bail out of its extreme crisis situation but is yet to get back on its growth trajectory. (De Grauwe, Greece is solvent but illiquid: What should the ECB do? (No. 10694), 2015) The IMF fears while forwarding financial assistance to Greece had been related to the countrys capability in accepting and adopting the major economic reforms. The Eurozone had feared that the countrys crisis could spread to other countries in the Europe that extended help. As Eurozone is bounded by common currency, monetary, banking and fiscal policies, they were apprehensive that extending help to Greece could easily have an effect on the Euro currency rates and raise levels of inflation. The role of IMF had been significant when considering the totality of the situation in which Greece was entangled and from where the country has recovered. (Stuckler, 2012)The IMF major shareholder USA had been very positive about Greece gaining back but was refuted several times as Greece failed initially to adopt the measures suggested by IMF Director. The Greece economy is a major economy in the Eurozone but Germany had severely opposed to IMF endeavors to help Greece bail out. IMF had failed t o assess the debt sustainability of Greece as most of its loans gets extended. Though the costs of financial assistance from IMF is quite high yet it has overlooked all Greeces fallouts and extended loan repayments till 2040 until which Greece gets time to reform and deliver.(Bohn, The 2010 euro crisis stand-off between France and Germany: leadership styles and political culture. , 2011) References Abboushi, S. (2011). Analysis and outlook of the Greek Financial Crisis. Journal of Global Business Management, 7(1), 1. Blanchard, O. J. (2014). Labor market policies and IMF advice in advanced economies during the Great Recession. IZA Journal of Labor Policy, 3(1), 1-23. Bohn, F. . (2011). The 2010 euro crisis stand-off between France and Germany: leadership styles and political culture. International Economics and Economic Policy, 8(1), 7-14. Bohn, F. . (2011). The 2010 euro crisis stand-off between France and Germany: leadership styles and political culture. . Economics and Economic Policy, 8(1), 7-14. Bulmer, S. (2014). Germany and the eurozone crisis: between hegemony and domestic politics. West European Politics, 37(6), 1244-1263. Chamley, C. P. (2011). Why official bailouts tend not to work: an example motivated by Greece 2010. The Economists' Voice, 8(1). De Grauwe, P. (2010). What kind of governance for the eurozone?. . CEPS Policy Brief, (214). De Grauwe, P. (2015). Greece is solvent but illiquid: What should the ECB do? (No. 10694). Centre for European Policy Studies. Douzinas, C. (n.d.). Philosophy and Resistance in the Crisis: Greece and the Future of Europe. 2013: John Wiley Sons. Janssen, R. (2010). Greece and the IMF: Who Exactly is being Saved?. Cent. for Econ. and Policy Res,, 1611. Knight, D. M. (2015). History, time, and economic crisis in central Greece. Palgrave Macmillan. Lapavitsas, C. (2012). Crisis in the Eurozone. Verso Books. Lattemann, S. . (2008). Environmental impact and impact assessment of seawater desalination. Desalination, 220(1), 1-15. Mamadouh, V. . (2011). Financial, Monetary and governance crisis: an outlook on the euro (zone). Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie, 102(1), 111-118. Mantanika, R. . (2011). The spatiality of a social struggle in Greece at the time of the IMF: Reflections on the 2011 mass migrant hunger strike in Athens. City. 15(3-4), 482-490. Matsaganis, M. (2011). The welfare state and the crisis: the case of Greece. Journal of European Social Policy, 501-512. Matsaganis, M. (2012). Social policy in hard times: The case of Greece. Critical Social Policy. 0261018312444417. Mitsopoulos, M. . (2011). Understanding the crisis in Greece: from boom to bust. Palgrave Macmillan. MLA. (2011). Analysis and outlook of the Greek Financial Crisis. Journal of Global Business Management, 7(1), 1.Roubini, N. M. (2010). Crisis economics. Penguin Audio. Stuckler, D. . (2012). There is an alternative: public health professionals must not remain silent at a time of financial crisis. European Journal of Public Health, 22(1), 2-3. Visvizi, A. (2012). The crisis in Greece and the EU-IMF rescue package: Determinants and pitfalls. Acta oeconomica, 62(1), 15-39. Wyplosz, C. (2012). The ECBs trillion euro bet. VoxEU, February (www. voxeu. org/article/ecb-s-trillion-euro-bet). Disappearig government bond spreads in the eurozone back to normal

The Wolf of Wall Street The Rich Life Essays - Film, Finance

The Wolf of Wall Street: The Rich Life What is the secret to becoming filthy rich in the stock market in the modern age? In just under forty years, Apple, a company which began trading publicly in 1980, has created more than $1 trillion in net wealth for investors.The previous chart-topper. Warren Buffett once said " The stock market is a device for transferring money from the impatient to the patient." Warren, Buffett. WiseGeek defines net wealth as ' the total value of assets owned by an individual, company, or other type of organization, less any current liabilities. The goal of most businesses and households alike is to generate a positive net wealth, meaning that the total value of asset surpasses the total amount of debt that is currently owed."' The movie known as The Wolf of Wall Street, directed by Martin Scorsese, a drama/biography defines their American dream as not about becoming middle children and having your kids go to college, but is about becoming ridiculously rich. But the institutions that al low people to become ridiculously rich (wall street bank etc) are not open to people with the wrong background and without the correct connections and breeding. So in light of that contradiction, the only way for normals to achieve the American dream is to find something that is in a grey area of the law . I gave the movie a 5 star simply because it was motivational, inspirational and informative. I thought this movie would be boring at first because it has to do with the stock market and Wall Street which basically deal with numbers all day, long but after I watched the movie, my way of thinking completely changed. Haris 2 The Wolf of Wall Street includes talented and phenomenal actors and actresses. Leonardo DiCaprio, the main character, performed as Jordan Belfort, a american dreamer Which chases a desire of becoming world's most powerful and rich individual with his friends that he helped get rich. Margot Robbie performed as Naomi Lapaglia, a beautiful girl from Dutch which creates a personal bond with the main character and marry with him later on movie. Jonah Hill performed as Donnie Azoff, a middle class worker lives in the same building that Jordan Belfort does. Azoff finds himself confronting Jordan Belfort in shop which is the moment his life changes from a middle class worker to an independent higher class individual. Jon Bernthal performed as Brad, a drug dealer which becomes a close partner with Jordan Belfort after the main character decides to create of his own firm to become financially independent. The movie begins by describing Belfort's first day as a junior stockbroker on Wall S treet. Surrounded by power play ers who live to be rich, get richer or die trying. Jordan has the opportunity to watch and learn firsthand the rules of the game. Little did he know he was stepping into a world where drugs, alcohol, corruption and prostitution are daily occurrences. A few years later, Jordan, who has been dreaming of truly becoming a successful stockbroker in his own right, has left Wall Street and has decided to start his own firm: Stratton Oakmont (SO) in Long Island, New York. Not only is he making millions of dollars daily and illegally at SO, but his firm and wild stockbrokers are the pure definition of debauchery; parties and sexual acts performed with hookers in the office, illegal pills and cocaine - to name but a few - can be found in abundance. This is an outrageous story of a man who had it all, i.e., money, status, prestige, a wife and children, yet who could not help wanting more. A man whose inexcusable greed led him to rob millions of innocent Amer icans so as to enable him to Haris 3 continue in this life of abuse, excesses, perversions and self-destructing behavior. Until he got caught. Jordan Belfort is very successful in his effort at becoming rich. His way of thinking or his mindset were not surely not always effective but they eventually came to be very major in his path of success and they did pay off at the end. Jordan Belfort kept thriving for money even

Gerbners Cultural Mythology Applied to Violence in Music Vi essays

Gerbners Cultural Mythology Applied to Violence in Music Vi essays Acts of violence portrayed by artists in music videos usually depicts actions that represent a message within the lyrics of the song. However, these images can be damaging to the mentality of those viewing, which has prompted much debate among parents who wish to censor offensive lyrics and images portrayed in current popular music. With ongoing violence in schools and in neighborhoods among youths of ages that seem to be younger than ever imagined, one has to wonder if the images seen on television, especially in music videos, desensitize their perception of violence. Some music videos tend to almost glamorize violent acts, presenting the idea that such acts are normal and acceptable within society. Gerbner presents three consequences of viewing violence on television from the time of infancy. Programming reinforces the worst fears and apprehensions and paranoia of people. (Gerbner, 1994) Gerbner implies that being exposed to larger amounts of television violence will lead one to believe that they live in a mean world. People exposed to a lesser amount of television violence will not share these same apprehensions about society. Another consequence of watching a lot of television is that one comes to believe that the violence portrayed on television is normal that everybody does it, and that its a good way of solving problems. (Gerbner, 1994) This viewpoint is a prime example of how influential the actions of music artists in their videos are on the youths who mimic their behaviors when dealing with their own personal situations. They feel that if their favorite artist behaves this way that it is not only acceptable, but also cool for them to behave in the same manner. The third consequence is the pervasive sense of insecurity and vulnerability. (Gerbner, 1994) Gerbner suggests that the more people watch television, the less likely they are to go out and socialize with others. This isolation and...

The Ultimate SAT Study Guide for SAT Prep

The Ultimate SAT Study Guide for SAT Prep SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips At PrepScholar, we've writtenthe largest set of high-quality SAT guides available, covering pretty much everything you need to know to improve your score on the SAT. They're all free and online, right here on our blog, and we think they beat any book you can purchase. This guide, our Ultimate SAT Prep Study Guide, combines our most important SAT guides on one page. If you master all of the concepts linked to on this page, use them in your own practice and studying, and stay motivated to work hard, you'll have an amazing shot at improving your SAT score. Essentially, you'll have a huge advantage over students who don't know this information and lack the motivation to employ it in their own studying. First we'll cover how to use this guide. We'll then go through, section by section, what's important for you to know. Here's an outline of what's coming next: How to Use This SAT Study Guide Intro to the SAT The Right Mindset for SAT Prep SAT Content and Strategies Overall SAT Test Strategy SAT Reading Prep Guides SAT Writing Prep Guides SAT Math Prep Guides SAT Essay Prep Guides SAT Logistics and Planning How to Use This SAT StudyGuide This guide contains the information we believe is most important for all students taking the SAT to know. It's ordered roughly in the sequence we recommend reading the articles in. This guide also serves as a launching point for further reading. Many of these links will direct you to pages with more links, and you should explore the resources we link to that you find helpful. There's a lot to read here, and you probably won't be able to do it all in one sitting. If you find this guide helpful, bookmark this page or email it to yourself to remind yourself to come back to it later. You'll notice as you read further that we cover a lot more than just test content, which is where most students tend to focus too much of their time. Rather, we also cover test strategy, mindset, behavior and motivation, and planning in the context of college admissions. If you're serious about improving your SAT score, you need a lot of information. It's not just about SAT test content- you also need to master test strategy so that you can apply your foundational knowledge to the specific format of the SAT. You need to have the right mindset as you approach the test and understand the perspective of the College Board, the SAT's creator. You need to stay motivated to be able to push through the dark days when you don't feel like doing SAT prep. You also need to consider what your college goals are, find an SAT score target that's right for you, and plan the logistics of taking the SAT. I encourage you to even read the guides about subjects you feel like you already know. In the worst case, you'll just spend 10 minutes refreshing important concepts. In the best case, you'll learn a new aspect of SAT prep that can have a big impact on how you study. Intro to the SAT If you're a beginner in SAT prep, it's important to understand the format of the SAT, what's tested, and how it works. This section will give you a strong foundation to help you understand the test more deeply. Complete Guide to the New SAT The SAT underwent a huge transformation in 2016, so it's important to know the basics about the test and its format. What kinds of sections are on it? What do questions look like? Start building your foundation here. What's Actually Tested on the SAT Reading Section? SAT Reading Skills What's Tested on the SAT Math Section? Topics and Practice What's Tested on the SAT Writing Section? Grammar and Questions Next, learn what's tested on each of the three sections on the SAT: Reading, Math, and Writing and Language. Each of these guides covers the format of the section, question types, and the skills you'll need to have to do well. How Is the SAT Scored? Scoring Charts You know that your SAT score will likely be an important part of college admissions. But how is the test graded to arrive at a final score out of 1600? What happens when you skip or miss questions? How is each section scored out of 800? Learn here in this guide. What Is the Average SAT Score? SAT Percentiles and Score Rankings It's good for you to get a sense of what SAT scores are considered good on a nationwide scale. These guides tell you the average SAT score overall and for each state, and your national percentile for your score. Is the ACT Easier Than the SAT? This is a common question. If you're trying to decide between focusing on the SAT or the ACT, it's important to understand exactly what the differences are and how to decide which test to take. Here's a clear breakdown of each test with strategies for figuring out the right test for you. Want to learn more about the SAT but tired of reading blog articles? Then you'll love our free, SAT prep livestreams. Designed and led by PrepScholar SAT experts, these live video events are a great resource for students and parents looking to learn more about the SAT and SAT prep. Click on the button below to register for one of our livestreams today! The Right Mindset for SAT Prep What many students don't appreciate is that doing well on the SAT is as much about good planning and your mental mindset as it is about understanding the stuff that's actually tested. This section contains concepts that arecritical for all students to understand before they spend any timedoing even a single test question. Why Is the SAT Important for Your College Goals? You know that you need to take the SAT to get into college. But why do colleges actually care about the SAT? Couldn't they just use your grades and application to evaluate you? The SAT serves a critical function in college applications by comparing you on equal footing with the rest of the country. Learn more about how the SAT achieves that here. What Is a Good SAT Score? A Bad SAT Score? An Excellent SAT Score? This is a question on nearly every student's mind. You've likely heard from other students, your parents, or teachers about what a good SAT score is or isn't.If they've given you a specific number without any reasoning or logic behind it, they're dead wrong. The truth is, there's only one SAT target score that's good for you and your personal college goals. It's not what your friends think you should get, and it's not what your parents keep telling you to aim for. Figure out what your target SAT score should be in this guide. How to Beat Procrastination in Your SAT Prep A common problem in pretty much everyone's life is procrastination. We put off unpleasant tasks for later because we're pretty sure we'll get around to them - and watching YouTubevideos feels so much better right now. This is a huge problem for a lot of students and their SAT prep. Studying isn't nearly as fun as texting or Snapchatting, and the test seems so far away. It's often really hard to sit down for five hours a week and actually commit to working through problems and improving your SAT skills. So wewrote a practical guide to beating procrastination. You'll learn about why people procrastinate and how this problem applies to SAT prep, too. More importantly, we share specific strategies you can use to stop procrastinating in your test prep. How to Get a Perfect 1600 SAT Score, by a 2400 Expert Full Scorer If you're aiming for a high SAT score, this is a must-read guide. Even if you're aiming for any score above a 1200, I recommend reading this guide. I've gottenperfect scores on two versions of the SAT: back in 2004 when it was (originally) out of 1600, and later when it was out of 2400 (now the test is back to the 1600 scale!). My perfect scores didn't magically happen - they took a lot of hard work. In this perfect score guide, I've put every important concept that I believe you must understand to get a super high SAT score.This guide doesn't contain any actual test content; it's more about the mental game of understanding why your score is low, where your weaknesses lie, and strategizing focused attacks on your weaknesses to improve your score. SAT Content and Strategies By reading the guides above, you'll have a strong mental framework for understanding what the SAT is andhow you can do well on the test. Next comes the part where you'll be spending most of your time - mastering the concepts and skills tested on the SAT. Section by section, we'll go through the most important guides you need to read. Overall SAT Test Strategy The Best Way to Review Your Mistakes for the SAT A lot of driven students prep for the SAT by doing a ton of practice questions without any insight. They churn through practice tests mindlessly without reviewing their mistakes or understanding how to improve. Why? It feels great, and it feels like progress. This is a critical mistake - it's like pounding your head against the wall. If you don't do practice problems and review themwith the right perspective, you'll be wasting hours of your time. In this guide, we teach you how to use every mistake you make on the SAT to identify your weaknesses and improve your prep. Best SAT Prep Books 2018 Are you a self-studier who plans to study for the SAT using books alone? We've reviewed the best books currently available for SAT prep in this guide. We talk about the best books for overall studying and for each section, as well as books you should avoid. Even if you're being tutored or taking a prep class, this article is still useful to read to see if there's anything you can supplement your studying with. The Best SAT Prep Websites You Should Be Using If you prefer to study online, then this list is for you. It contains all the best SAT websites, from strategy guides, to study tips, to high-quality practice questions for all sections of the SAT. Websites are a great way to do some quick studying as well as a way to prep without needing to carry around a prep book. SAT Reading Prep Guides The #1 Critical, Fundamental Strategy of SAT Reading If there's only one guide you read for SAT Reading, make it this one. On SAT Reading, do you ever find yourself waffling between two or three answer choices that all seem plausible? Do you throw up your hands and just guess on one of them? Nearly all studentssuffer from this problem. That's because they don't understand the #1 critical rule about SAT Reading: every question has only one unambiguously correct answer, and every other answer is unambiguously wrong for specific reasons. In this guide, you'll learn this concept in detail and get strategies for identifying incorrect answers on SAT Reading questions. The UltimateStudy Guide for SAT Reading: Strategies, Tips, and Practice This guide contains everything you need to know about SAT Reading in one place. We cover every single question type, with custom strategies on how to attack each one. Every great SAT Reading prep guide we've created can be found on this page! The Best Way to Read the Passage in SAT Reading SAT Reading gives you passages and a bunch of questions about each passage. How you read passages and approach their questions (and in which order) dramatically affects how well you'll be able to answer the questions. Many students use ineffective strategies to attack these passages, costing them valuable time and points. Here, you'll learn our recommended approach to SAT Reading passages. The Best Way to Study SAT Vocab Words Vocabulary isn't a huge part of the SAT anymore, but you'll need to how to study it if you're aiming for a perfect or near-perfect Reading score. My strategy teaches you how to memorize SAT vocab words so that you use your prep time effectively. How to Improve Your SAT Reading Score: 8 Strategies Are you scoring below 600 on SAT Reading? The first thing you should do, then, is aim to break 600. The strategies you'll need to use are quite different from the ones you'd use if you were aiming for 800. For example, we recommend skipping harder questions to help you maximize your score in the short amount of time you have. How to Get 800 on SAT Reading: 11 Strategies by a Perfect Scorer Aiming for a high score on SAT Reading (above 600)? This guide covers everything you need to understand to give yourself a great shot at a perfect score. We teach you how to pinpoint your biggest weaknesses, give you strategies to fix them, and explain the mindset you'll need when practicing for SAT Reading. SAT Writing Prep Guides What Is SAT Writing and Language? 5 Tips to Excel SAT Writing tests grammar rules in a very strange way; it's not at all like the grammar tests you've taken throughout your schooling. Here, we discuss the unique style of the SAT Writing section and strategies you need to succeed in it. The Complete Guide to SAT Grammar Rules The core of SAT Writing is its grammar rules. Subject/verb agreement, pronoun usage, and writing style are all tested in this multiple-choice section. Read our extensive guide to learn every grammar rule you'll need to know for Writing. The Complete Prep Guide for SAT Writing: Grammar, Strategies, and Practice This guide contains everything else you need for SAT Writing, including detailed guides for every single grammar rule tested. We teach you expert strategies for attacking different question types, and give you tips on how to eliminate answers. We also offer our best advice on how to practice SAT Writing questions effectively. How to Improve Your SAT Writing Score: 8 Key Strategies Are you scoring in the 300-600 range on SAT Writing?The first thing you should do is reach 600. There are a few specific strategies you can use to raise your score quickly: learn and practice the most important grammar rules that appear, skip the hardest questions, and figure out how to pick the right answer. How to Get 800 on SAT Writing: 11 Strategies From a Perfect Scorer Aiming for a high score on SAT Writing(above 600)? This guide covers the core strategies you need to use as you aim for perfection. We'll cover how to learn every grammar rule to mastery, how to train your weaknesses in a focused way, and what it takes to get 800 on test day. SAT Math Prep Guides Heart of Algebra: Key Strategies for SAT Math 3 Key Strategies for SAT Passport to Advanced Math Problem Solving and Data Analysis: Key SAT Math Concepts SAT Math is divided into three main content types: Heart of Algebra, Passport to Advanced Math, and Problem Solving and Data Analysis. These guides not only give you an overview of the kinds of problems you can expect but also offer expert tips for attacking math questions effectively. The Complete Guide to SAT Math Word Problems Many students find word problems to be the trickiest problems on SAT Math, and since they make up about 25% of math questions, you need to know how to tackle them. This guide explains how to approach and simplify word problems so they're less intimidating and can be answered easily. The 28 Critical SAT Math Formulas You MUST Know To answer SAT Math questions both quickly and correctly, it really helps to know the important formulas you'll need for the test. Memorizing these 28 critical formulas and knowing how to apply them to new questions will not only empower you but also improve your Math score. The Ultimate SAT Math Prep Guide: Tips, Formulas, and Practice We've written a ton of content about SAT Math, and it's all available here in this guide. We cover every major math concept tested, from integers and rational numbers to advanced algebra and solid geometry. Read this guide to get the rundown of every critical idea you need to know for a great SAT Math score. 7 Most Common SAT Math Mistakes and How to Avoid Them Don't let little mistakes keep you from getting the SAT Math score you want on test day. In this guide, we go over the most common mistakes test takers make on the Math section, such as forgetting formulas and solving for the wrong value, and teach you how to avoid making them. How to Improve Low SAT Math Scores: 9 Strategies Are you scoring in the 300-600 range on SAT Math? This guide shows you how to think about the Math section correctly and how to apply test strategies to give yourself the best chance at improving. In particular, we discuss how to avoid getting bogged down by questions that are too hard for your level, and how to use your study time effectively. How to Get 800 on SAT Math, by a Perfect Scorer Aiming for a high score on SAT Math (above a 600)? You'll learn the key strategies you need to use to master every math concept tested and to analyze your mistakes. We also cover how to eliminate careless mistakes - a common problem for people aiming for those last points - and how to put yourself in the right mindset for a perfect score. SAT Essay Prep Guides Should I Take the SAT Essay? How to Decide The SAT Essay isoptional, raising an important question: should you take it or should you skip it? This guide goes over the most important factors to consider when deciding whether the essay is essential for your success. SAT Essay Prompts: The Complete List Knowing the kinds of prompts to expect from the SAT Essay can go a long way to helping you feel prepared to get a high score. In this guide, we've compiled a list of 11 official SAT essay prompts the College Board has released. It's the most comprehensive set of new SAT essay prompts available online, and reading through them will give you a better understanding of the types of prompts you can expect to see and what graders will be looking for. How to Write an SAT Essay, Step by Step With this expert guide, you'll learn the essay structure that the SAT expects and get specific tips on how to read the passage, organize your response, and use your time wisely. Follow all of the advice here and you're guaranteed a strong essay score. The Ultimate SAT Essay Study Guide: Tips and Review For a complete collection of all of our best and most important SAT Essay guides, definitely check out this link. We give you everything you need to know to get a high score on the essay, including a list of colleges that require the SAT Essay, actual essay prompts, and sample essays for a variety of prompts. SAT Essay Tips: 15 Ways to Improve Your Score Not scoring as highly as you'd like to on the SAT Essay? Then check out this guide. We give you the best tips you'll need to know, from developing a clear thesis to writing more than one page,to get at least a 6|6|6 essay on test day. How to Get a Perfect 8|8|8 SAT Essay Score Aiming for perfection on the SAT Essay? In this article, we reveal our best tips for scoring 8s on all three essay rubrics. Specifically, we explain how a 6 essay differs from an 8 essay, and give you an essential list of do's and don'ts to think about when writing your response. SAT Logistics and Planning A major part of doing well on the SAT is higher-level planning strategy. When should you take the SAT? How many times should you take it? How long should you study? These are all important points to consider when structuring your SAT prep time and preparing college applications. When Should You Take the SAT? Best Test Dates Planning out your SAT testing schedule is really important to doing well. If taking the SAT more than once (which we recommend), you'll need ample time to prep in-between test dates and hopefully improve your score. In this guide, you'll learn a solid SAT-test-date strategy that works well for most students. We'll also busta common myth about SAT test dates and curves. 2018 2019 Full Review of Every SAT Test Date Here's a list of every SAT test date available this school year, including registration deadlines and when you can expect to get your scores. We also cover the latest dates by which you can take the SAT for early admission and regular decision deadlines for colleges. How Long Should I Study for the SAT? 6-Step Guide This is a key question on most students' minds, and the answer is that it really depends on your personal goals, where you currently are in your prep, and your potential to improve. This guide breaks down what you need to understand to reach your SAT score target in a timely manner. Which Colleges Superscore the SAT? SAT Superscoring is the practice of combining your best section scores from different test dates to create a Superscore. (The College Board's technical term for this is "SAT Score Choice.") A lot of schools now allow it, which has huge implications for your test strategy. In short, the more times you take the SAT, the greater your chance of increasing your score will be. This guide gives you a list of all colleges that currently Superscore the SAT. Concluding Words Congratulations on making it to the end! By now, you should have clicked on at least a few of the dozens of guides listed here. Read them, see if you like the advice we give, and then use them as launching points to even more guides. You might not get through all of this information in one sitting, so bookmark this page or email it to yourself as a reminder to come back later. There's a lot to learn out there - that's the first step. The hard part that comes after, though, is actually applying the knowledge you've learned and putting it into action. It won't be easy, but it'll definitely be worthwhile for your future. Soldier on. What's Next? Need help with your SAT prep?Allow us to give you a hand. Our online, customizable SAT prep program supplies you with realistic SAT practice questions and targets your biggest weaknesses to help you achieve the scores you need for college. Taking the ACT instead of or in addition to the SAT?Then you'll benefit greatly by taking a look at our ultimate ACT guide. Like this guide, we give you tons of free links and resources so that you can have a successful test day! Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points?We have the industry's leading SAT prep program. Built by Harvard grads and SAT full scorers, the program learns your strengths and weaknesses through advanced statistics, then customizes your prep program to you so you get the most effective prep possible. Check out our 5-day free trial today:

The Worlds Most Ethical Companies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

The Worlds Most Ethical Companies - Essay Example It also merged with the Quaker Oats Company in 2001. Currently, the company is distributing and providing food and beverages in more than 200 countries in the World. The PepsiCo Company produces several products that gain a large market share in the market compared to other products. Their main product categories include soft drinks, snacks, side dishes, rice snacks, cereals, energy drinks, coffee drinks and breakfast bars. PepsiCo’s business success is as a result of their moral responsibility and treatment to customers, employees and the environment. The company has appropriate and perfect treatment strategies to customers and employees. In addition, it is sensitive to environmental conservation and prevention of environmental pollution (PepsiCo, 2014). First, PepsiCo Company relates well with its customers. This enhances increased sales and improved relations with the customers. The company is socially responsible and sustainable and has a sound advertising strategy with more than forty slogans and songs. These slogans and songs are keys advertising strategy that the company incorporates. Secondly, the company offers promotion to its customers. This is a good strategy of improving customer relations. Late in 2003, Pepsi joined hands with Apple computers and announced promotion that would give one hundred million songs to Pepsi consumers. These free songs were from Apple’s iTunes music store which is a digital music download provider. The promotion initiative places specific codes in one litre bottles of Pepsi, Diet Pepsi, and Sierra Mist. The winning codes get free songs in the iTunes music store. The promotion is an example of PepsiCo’s strategy of capturing young customers. PepsiCo has three Pepsi zone lounge in California, Florida and Illinois. These lounges feature plasma TVs screens, couches, video games and computer stations. Everything in the lounge is free except the Pepsi vending machine which carries a variety of Pepsi

None Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

None - Term Paper Example The Association of Independent Customers has always been positioned as an objective organization, assuring our customers in a real state of affairs in the field of our production. On behalf of our Company I can assure that the production we are currently producing is developed under conditions of high technologies and innovations. On 25th of July we will be unable to provide you with free samples of our production for you to learn their characteristics and make choice. In August 2012 different examples of our production will be available again and we will be glad to hear from you soon about your personal opinion about innovative samples of our production. It does not take us too long to make some changes in development of our production. The benefits of this change to you, as a customer, are as follows: we will take our time to advance different processes of production, by lowering our price for the products, helping the customers to make their right choice of a product they need. We have no doubts that our long-term cooperation would be as beneficial and friendly, as it was during the whole period of our cooperation. POWER CO values you as a customer and appreciates your participation in independent testing of new production. Your opinion is very important for us and we will respect any choice you will make. Please, do not hesitate to contact me in case of any questions and I will be very happy to help you in clarifications of

Maggi Brand Consumer Behaviour Research Essay Example for Free

Maggi Brand Consumer Behaviour Research Essay Well the history of this brand traces back to the 19th century when industrial revolution in Switzerland created factory jobs for women, who were therefore left with very little time to prepare meals. Due to this growing problem Swiss Public Welfare Society asked a miller named Julius Maggi to create a vegetable food product that would be quick to prepare and easy to digest. Julius, the son of an Italian immigrant came up with a formula to bring added taste to meals in 1863. Soon after he was commissioned by the Swiss Public Welfare Society, he came up with two instant pea soups a bean soup- the first launch of Maggi brand of instant foods in 1882-83. Towards the end of the century, Maggi company was producing not just powdered soups, but bouillon cubes, sauces and other flavorings. However in India(the largest consumer of Maggi noodles in the world! ) it was launched in 1980’s by Nestle group of companies. Maggie had merged with Nestle(This company too has a very interesting history which I will discuss in some other review! ) family in 1947. When launched it had to face a stiff competition from the ready to eat snack segments like biscuits, wafers etc. Also it had other competitor the so called ’home made’ snacks which are till today considered healthy and hygienic. Hence to capture the market it was positioned as a hygienic home made snack, a smart move. But still this didn’t work, as it was targeted towards the wrong target group, the working women. Although the product was developed for this particular purpose. After conducting an extensive research, the firm found that the children were the biggest consumers of Maggi noodles. Quickly a strategy was developed to capture the kids segment with various tools of sales promotion like pencils, fun books, maggi clubs which worked wonders for it. No doubt the ads of maggi have shown a hungry kid saying ’’Mummy bhookh lagi hai’’ to which his mom replies ’’Bas do minute! ’’ and soon he is happily eating Maggie noodles. The company could have easily positioned the product as a meal, but did not, as a study had shown that Indian mentality did not accept anything other than rice or roti as meal. They made it a easy to cook snack that could be prepared in just two minutes. The formula clicked well maggi became a brand name. That’s precisely what is required in making a product a brand The brand has grown to an estimated 200 crore contributes to around 10% of Nestle India’s top line. So next time when you are eating this noodles just remember these facts that have gone on to make Maggi a brand. In the early 1980s India was opening up to the world after three and a half decades of self-existence. Till then, the concept of â€Å"fast food† was practically non-existent. Nestle had already been pipped to the post by Cadbury in the milk chocolate segment and it desperately wanted to create a niche for itself in the high potential Indian market. It was then that it realized that it could be a first-mover in the untapped â€Å"instant food† segment. Several years went by and a lot of money was spent and Maggi Noodles was born. The problems had only just begun. The biggest of them was the Indian psyche of the 80s. The conservatism which India showed in their culture boiled down to their palate also. They would rather stick to their Tandoori Chicken or Idli Sambhar than be a little more adventurous in trying a new taste. Maggi Noodles was a new taste from a new culture. It was then that Maggi Noodles became Maggi Instant Two-Minute Noodles. The whole point was to position Maggi as platform of convenience and soul food for the a fast growing section of the Indian population – the working women. Heavy promotion was done on the same lines. But even this did not work. Sales were good but not as good as they wanted it to be. A research was carried out which revealed that the largest consumers of the brand were not the working women but young children in the Indian households. Realizing this, Nestle repositioned their brand using new promotional strategies and smart advertising. Marketing teams were sent out to schools to distribute free Maggi samples to take home. The kids would inevitably take their Maggi packets home and ask their mothers to prepare it for lunch or as a snack. The mothers would find that it took them only two minutes to make a proper hot meal for their children who would love it. They would refer it to their neighbors who would pass it on to distant bachelor cousins who lived alone and had to cook for themselves. Thus, the hugely successful viral campaign ensured that Maggi created a distinct affection in the hearts of its consumers unlike any other proprietary food of its time. But the story was far from over. In 1997, Nissin – the inventor of instant noodles – launched its flagship brand Top Ramen in the Indian market with Shah Rukh Khan – fresh from the success of super hits like Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge – endorsing the brand. It was then that Maggi took its first false step – it changed its taste to align itself with that of Top Ramen’s. The results were disastrous. A generation which had grown up on Maggi could not accept the new taste and would rather give Top Ramen a try. Nestle was fast losing ground to Nissin. It took them two years to work out a new strategy – accept the consumer’s verdict and get back to the basics. In 1999, Maggi relaunched itself with its original taste. It paid off handsomely and the faithfuls returned to their master. Top Ramen could no longer sustain the growth it built up in the two years. The next big hurdle came in 2004. The SARS epidemic of 2003 in South East Asia had led to widespread concerns regarding personal hygiene and health. Mothers were now more concerned regarding what their children were eating and maida in general was always considered to be low on the health aspect. In 2005 Maggi launched Atta Noodles with the tagline â€Å"Taste bhi, health bhi. † Although the advertisements showed Atta Noodles replacing the rotis and chapatis, this was never Maggi’s intention. It knew that thinking about that objective was a far cry and the main purpose was to convince mothers that their children was eating the right thing. In this sense, it scored over the Licia and Bambino semolina-based Macaroni products, which, though being an healthier alternative to Maggi, always tried to position themselves as a substitute for wheat based items of daily consumption. Within 10 months, Maggi Atta Noodles was declared a success and now they are foraying further with the â€Å"Taste bhi, Health bhi† campaign with products such as Multi-Grain Noodles. The above examples show that Maggi as a brand knows the customer and is willing to learn from its mistakes. It knows that its USP is convenience to ake and good to eat and it sticks to that without pushing the envelope further in its campaigns. It has also leveraged its success to other food products – the most notable of which is the Maggi ketchup which has garnered a market leader position of about 45% largely thanks to the Maggi brand and its positioning as a â€Å"Different† product ( Remember the tagline – Its different! ). The savior of many students (and especially the ones staying in hostels), there is little doubt as to why many regard Maggi as the greatest invention since the wheel.

John Steinbeck Outline Essay -- essays research papers

John Steinbeck Outline I. John Steinbeck used his personal experiences as a laborer to write many of his novels like Of Mice and Men and The Grapes of Wrath. II. John Steinbeck’s Life A) Family 1. His dad served as the county treasurer. 2. His mom was a school teacher. 3. He was one four children and was the only boy. B) Childhood and Adolescence 1.Born on February 27, 1902 2.Began telling stories as a child 3. Sent short stories to magazines under a false name 4. He was interested in biology, the study of human life 5. Large guy, advantage because he excelled in track and basketball 6. Wrote for the school paper 7. Was the president of his senior class C) Young Adult Life 1. Worked his was through college at Stanford University but never graduated 2. He moved to New York and got a job as a free-lance writer but failed, he then  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   moved back to California. 3. His first book was Cup of Gold but did not attract much attention 4. The novel Tortilla Flat was Steinbeck’s first success. 5. As His reputation as an author began to rise, his personal life took a Plunge. He got divorced but got remarried but that also ended in divorce D) Jobs 1. Worked on nearby ranches, he became acquainted with a migrant worker 2. Sales clerk, farm laborer, ranch hand, factory worker, construction laborer, and a caretaker III. Common settings and Issues A) Settings 1. The Red Pony- set in Salinas, CA in between two mountains, rural setting, on a ranch 2. The Pearl- se...

Empirical Literature Article Review of Leadership Ethics Essay

The opportunity to evaluate original research serves as one of the many foundations to both scholarly writing and research (Grand Canyon University, 2013). Therefore, to enhance this process I will critique empirical research articles for the purpose of demonstrating the effectiveness in understanding leadership ethics. So, using the literature presented within in the works of â€Å"Predictors of Ethical Code Use and Ethical Tolerance in the Public Sector† by Neal Ashkanasy, Sarah Falkus, and Victor Callan along with â€Å"Advancing Ethics in Public Organizations: The Impact of an Ethics Program on Employees’ Perceptions and Behaviors in a Regional Council† by Itai Beeri, Rachel Dayan, Eran Vigoda-Gadot, and Simcha Werner, and finally, â€Å" An Empirical Study of Leader Ethical Values, Transformational and Transactional Leadership, and Follower Attitudes Toward Corporate Social Responsibility† by Kevin Groves and Michael LaRocca comparisons will be made on the relevance and need for research purposes. In comparison, the authors of each study utilize ethical behaviors for the purpose of comparing relationships, perceptions, and beliefs associated with measures of ethical practice. Furthermore, reasonable justification for conducting the research presented in each study is outlined as evidence from the posed research questions and is validated within the results of each piece of literature reviewed. Posed Research Questions Relating the Authors in the Comparison Similarly, the literature within each study focused on ethical practice and how it used to enhance behavior of individuals within organizations. However, assertions within the scope of the posed research questions present relevant generalizations for each study. For example, Ashkanasy, Falkus, and Callan (2000) focused on variables that formulated predictive roles of organizational, individual, group, and contextual levels for utilizing formal codes of conduct. These variables were developed to serve as predictors of ethical tolerance as a result of formal code use. Whereas, organizational commitment (OC), organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), and quality of work life (QWL) are the basis in which Beeri, Dayan, Vigoda-Gadot, and Werner (2013) perceive positive relationships are built as ethical resources are generated. Hence, these three areas promote awareness of ethical leadership and decision making in addition to the ethics code. Further, Groves and LaRocca (2011) incorporate the notion of corporate social responsibility by modeling both transformational and transactional leadership styles. Here, the idea is leaders with deontological values of ethics will be perceived as modeling transformational leadership, while leaders with teleological values of ethics are perceived as modeling transactional leadership (Groves et al. , 2011). Although each study assessed various ethical practices, each displays similarities in presenting study results as a means of validating posed questions of research. Sample Populations The results recorded from evaluations used in the sample populations’ highlighted evidence relevant to that of measures needed to verify theory associated with ethical practice. Hence, each study presented the results through a form of statistical analysis in which various test groups within the field of research were used. Moreover, similar methods were incorporated to assess the results of the respondents within all three studies. Ashkanasy, Falkus, and Callan’s Approach This evaluation involved mailed questionnaires to public sector employees in one State of Australia. The principal method of conducting this study was based on hierarchical regression, and addressed several factors such as: demographic measures, personal ethical values and attitudes, context and group-level variables, and organizational practices (pg. 245, 2000). Given the basis of evidence Ashkanasy, Falkus, and Callan (2000) used this method of analysis to assert that ethical decisions are more likely to be influenced by employees, versus the effect of group and individual variables. Beeri, Dayan, Vigoda-Gadot, and Werner’s Approach In lieu of the goal to test the relationships between ethics and performance within governments locally, Beeri et al. , (2013) used questionnaires to evaluate the long term effects of an ethics program on employees’ perceptions, and the behavior in one council of an Israeli region. This as a result, stems from awareness of ethical codes, and inclusion of employees in the ethical decision making process. Groves and LaRocca’s Approach Groves and LaRocca (2011) utilized voluntary community-based leadership programs that targeted educational values on ethics. The leaders of these community based programs were emailed a link with instructions for participation with an online questionnaire. The assumption here was that training on both transformational and transactional leadership, in addition to ethical decision making and CSR would now be implemented. Results Analysis All in all, the results displayed by the analysis of each study correspond to the overall effort of the posed research. For example, supported results aligned with study hypotheses, but signified that certain mechanisms underlie the criterion for each of the tested variables on different levels according to Ashkanasy, Falkus, and Callan (2000). Whereas, Beeri et al. , (2013) report a greater awareness in ethical codes and decision making along with increased organizational commitment is achieved as a result of positive ethical leadership. And finally, Groves and LaRocca (2011) correlated their findings with the original prediction that transformational leadership alone was aligned with the beliefs of followers in view of the corporate social responsibility of stakeholders. Conclusion Study Limitations of Articles To fully appreciate the level of understanding needed to evaluate literature of empirical research, a description of the methodology, research questions and an analysis of results must be presented to determine the validity of the overall analysis. And as such, each study discussed within the contents of this paper has been successful in delivering on all areas to support research efforts. However, there were areas that pose limitations to future research efforts for all three studies. For example, the use of questionnaires may not represent a true assessment of the respondent’s beliefs (Ashkanasy et al. , 2000). Also, issues surrounding anonymity can urface when responding to questions concerning ethical climate (Beeri et al. , 2013). And further, influences set by both common source and common method can stimulate bias in lieu of follower values of CSR (Groves & LaRocca, 2011). For future development of the practice The results yield an overall influence within organizations that build on variables to increase ethical standards. However, there are yet underlying issues for democratic organizations that stress the importance of ethics, integrity, and fairness (Beeri et al. , 2013). And recommendations for further study are necessary to promote the continuous effort of influencing follower perceptions toward ethical commitments.

Operations Management Comparison: DHL and FedEx Essay

Introduction Business logistics solutions have come a long way since the utilization of the postal system for business purposes during the Industrial Revolution. Its importance in achieving company goals of efficiency and profitability for the current corporate industries as well as several others can be pointed out as an evidence of the evolution of business logistics in the past years. During the peacetime era shortly right after the Second World War marked for the emergence of various forms of businesses and thereby increasing as well the need for faster and efficient logistics solutions that will satisfy the needs of these emerging industries. This signaled the surfacing of companies that specifically provide business logistics solutions with the primary goal of enabling companies meet their respective corporate objectives and thereby creating a particular industry in itself. Through the years, the range of services that these logistics companies offer grew from simple overnight parcel deliveries to sore sophisticated and complex services along with the ever increasing demands of the market which could substantiate the current market situations of our time (Averbook, 2005). In this particular service industry, a couple of firms that predominantly provide business logistics solutions to certain businesses came into view as industry leaders. Both of these service providers offer their clients a wide range of services that cater to a specific purpose and need. The evolution that has been evident in the industry can specifically be attributed to these service providers: Federal Express and DHL. Comparison of Company Mission Statements One specific reason as to how both business logistics solution providers, DHL and FedEx has reached their status as industry leaders among various firms that are also engaged in the same line of business is because of their commitment in proving services that caters specifically to every needs of their clients. For instance, what started out as an undergraduate thesis at Yale University came out to become a company of â€Å"firsts† this line of business. Federal Express which has changed its name into FedEx that most of us know of today, officially started out operations in 1973 delivering parcels from New York to Florida (â€Å"FedEx History†, 2006). FedEx’s mission statement states that the company will revolutionize global business practices that will define speed and reliability. Federal Express, through the years, did just that. The company’s particular ability to provide high value-added supply chain, as well as effective packages that also covers the transportation while relating information and business itself through specific operating companies. This was coupled with the assurance to every market segment they serve of the highest degree of quality in services. This has caused the development of harmonious relationships between its company clients and partners without sacrificing the issue of safety in its processes. Another American service provider, DHL, has pretty much the same mission statements as that of FedEx which aims primarily to aid their clients in achieving high quality and swift services that could improve company performance (â€Å"Press Release†, 2006). DHL attributes this to their expertise and knowledge of both local and global customer needs and demands. This emphasis on the significance of culture helps DHL provide an outstanding service in all levels of business specifications. Furthermore, one thing unique about DHL’s mission statement is the inclusion of concern not only for their clients and partners but as well as for the environment and their employees. This signifies the particular social responsibility that the company adheres itself to. Corporate Strategy Comparisons Corporate strategies employed by both companies also played a major role in establishing itself into the service providers that they are nowadays. For instance, these strategies have defined industry standards that were proved to become the benchmark other similar business logistic solutions providers’ offer for their clients (â€Å"Financial Results†, 2006). For the part of DHL, the company’s primary commitment to communities wherein their work is defined has helped a lot in increasing company services. Their advertisements that particularly emphasize on the knowledge of local traditions and beliefs have proven to be effective that even FedEx ran a similar advertisement about the same concept. The execution of such particular concept is necessary since the nature of the business is basically done in a cross country approach. Additionally, the promotion of DHL’s employees’ social commitment caps off the intent of the company to become a holistic service provider whose concerns stretch out not only for profits but also for social consciousness (â€Å"DHL Company History†, 2005). On the other hand, FedEx’s corporate strategy involves an array of techniques that they have well utilized over the years that they used to their own advantage. These strategies are designed to be implemented simultaneously along with other operating management standpoints. First up is the ability of FedEx to work and operate independently. This particular characteristic of FedEx focuses on their independent network sources which are being utilized to cope up with the changing preferences of their clients. A perfect example of this starts with the selection of the name itself that also connotes the tendency of its clients being patriotic. Specifically, the word â€Å"federal† appeals to a variety of clients who could easily attach the company name with the system of governance. Second is the capability of the firm to compete collectively by uniting as one organization that works for one objective under one name. For instance, FedEx has only one advertising agency that they hire so as to consolidate advertisements and reduce costs. Another tactic that they instituted in their organization is the strategic choice of headquarters which is in Memphis, Tennessee. The location of the city makes it possible for the service provider to be able to reach out to several cities in such a short span of time. The capability of FedEx to collectively tackle the market is also one of the major reasons why the firm has been a trend-setter in most aspects of the business. As a matter of fact, recent company acquisitions that FedEx made provided an avenue for the company to expand its services into a variety of offerings. The services that they offered significantly grew from the traditional overnight parcel deliveries up to 3PL logistics, express mail services, and e-commerce among others. This proves the point that the existence of both service providers improved and redefined the efficiency of the service industry for it tailored itself to the changing demands and preferences of the market which is at the same time adept with the current market trends. Last thing is the ability of FedEx to manage its resources collaboratively. As one of their publicity goes, the FedEx team works together to sustain loyal relationships among themselves and instill in them the camaraderie that is inherent with a group. This particular strategy is quite important so as to create a harmonious working environment wherein cooperation and helping out to each other is pretty evident. Company Goals and Values Both FedEx and DHL exhibit a considerable array of company goals that could deemed be useful for all the aspects of the business not mention the ability to tap all elements that makes the firms existence possible. FedEx to be particular revolves its company values around the major stakeholders that are involved with the business. Number one here is the people, clients who greatly influence the operations management of the firm and also the primary reason for the existence of the company. Second is the service whose maintenance of high quality affects the perception of the general public which is pivotal in achieving company objectives. Innovation comes in third wherein the needs of the clients are constantly kept in mind in devising new services which could in turn inspire or improve the way we live. Fourth is the maintenance of company integrity in the management of operations and other aspects of the business with the use of appropriate behaviors towards the company’s clientele as well as their co-workers. Last is the protection of company loyalty both of the market as well as in the workplace in the belief that this would earn the company the necessary respect that it deserves. On the last note, DHL envisions itself as the service provider of choice when it comes to express mail services and overall logistics network (DHL, 2006). At the same time, it aims to lead the industry in the provision of high standard quality services and at the same time being a favorably profitable business entity. Finally, to satisfy expectations of their stakeholders in reference to their performance in the ethical, social and environmental fields, concluding that the existence of both service providers do not only concern a small fraction but the whole components of the business as a whole. Averbook, J. (2005). Linking Performance to Corporate Missions Retrieved December 13, 2006, from http://www. wpsmag. com/content/templates/wps_article. asp? articleid=146&zoneid=19 DHL. (2006). DHL Mission, Vision, and Values. Retrieved December 13, 2006, from http://www. dhl. com/publish/etc/medialib/g0/downloads/general. Par. 0028. File. tmp/vision. pdf DHL Company History. (2005). Retrieved December 13, 2006, from http://www. dhl. com/publish/g0/en/about/history/history2. high. html FedEx History. (2006). FedEx Express. Financial Results. (2006). Retrieved December 13, 2006, from http://www. fedex. com/us/investorrelations/downloads/annualreport/2004annualreport_financials. pdf? link=4 Geneveive. (2005). Famous Quotations. Retrieved December 13, 2006, from http://www. famous-quotations. com/forum/forum_posts. asp? TID=193&PN=6 Press Release. (2006). Retrieved December 13, 2006, from http://www. dhl-usa. com/about/pr/PRDetail. asp? nav=AboutAirborne/CompanyInfo/PressReleases&seq=262.

Free Essays on Innocent Lives Lost

before his execution were: â€Å"I am an innocent man. May God forgive everyone who said anything against me.† The next year, the victim’s husband confessed that he had murdered his own wife (Radelet, Bedau, Putnam 347). There are numerous amounts of incidents similar to the one depicted above that have repeatedly occurred throughout the course of history. Two highly distinguishable figures in the area of capital punishment in the United States, Hugo Bedau and Michael Radelet, discovered in 1992, at least 140 cases, since 1990, in which innocent persons were sentenced to death (Hook and Kahn 92). In Illinois alone, 12 death row inmates have been cleared and freed since 1987 (Execution Reconsidered). The most conclusive evidence in support of this â€Å"comes from the surprisingly large numbers of people whose convictions have been overturned and who have been freed from death† (Bedau 345). One out of every seven people sentenced to death row are innocent (Civiletti). That’s nearly 15% of death row inmates. The numbers are disturbing. Innocent people are becoming victims of the United States judicial system. A former president of the American Bar Association (ABA), John J. Curtin Jr., said it best when he told a congressional committee â€Å"Whatever you think about the death penalty, a system that will take life must first give justice. Execute justice, not people.† Though some of the innocent death row inmates have managed to escape their execution, there are numerous others who are unable to overturn their sentence through appeals. Many cases of innocence go unheard and result in the unfortunate fatality of an innocent. When the death penalty in 1972 was ruled unconstitutional in Furman v. Georgia, the Justices expected that the â€Å"adoption of narrowly crafted sent... Free Essays on Innocent Lives Lost Free Essays on Innocent Lives Lost Mead Shumway of Nebraska was convicted of the first-degree murder of his employer’s wife on circumstantial evidence and sentenced to death by a jury. His last words before his execution were: â€Å"I am an innocent man. May God forgive everyone who said anything against me.† The next year, the victim’s husband confessed that he had murdered his own wife (Radelet, Bedau, Putnam 347). There are numerous amounts of incidents similar to the one depicted above that have repeatedly occurred throughout the course of history. Two highly distinguishable figures in the area of capital punishment in the United States, Hugo Bedau and Michael Radelet, discovered in 1992, at least 140 cases, since 1990, in which innocent persons were sentenced to death (Hook and Kahn 92). In Illinois alone, 12 death row inmates have been cleared and freed since 1987 (Execution Reconsidered). The most conclusive evidence in support of this â€Å"comes from the surprisingly large numbers of people whose convictions have been overturned and who have been freed from death† (Bedau 345). One out of every seven people sentenced to death row are innocent (Civiletti). That’s nearly 15% of death row inmates. The numbers are disturbing. Innocent people are becoming victims of the United States judicial system. A former president of the American Bar Association (ABA), John J. Curtin Jr., said it best when he told a congressional committee â€Å"Whatever you think about the death penalty, a system that will take life must first give justice. Execute justice, not people.† Though some of the innocent death row inmates have managed to escape their execution, there are numerous others who are unable to overturn their sentence through appeals. Many cases of innocence go unheard and result in the unfortunate fatality of an innocent. When the death penalty in 1972 was ruled unconstitutional in Furman v. Georgia, the Justices expected that the â€Å"adoption of narrowly crafted sent... Free Essays on Innocent Lives Lost Mead Shumway of Nebraska was convicted of the first-degree murder of his employer’s wife on circumstantial evidence and sentenced to death by a jury. His last words before his execution were: â€Å"I am an innocent man. May God forgive everyone who said anything against me.† The next year, the victim’s husband confessed that he had murdered his own wife (Radelet, Bedau, Putnam 347). There are numerous amounts of incidents similar to the one depicted above that have repeatedly occurred throughout the course of history. Two highly distinguishable figures in the area of capital punishment in the United States, Hugo Bedau and Michael Radelet, discovered in 1992, at least 140 cases, since 1990, in which innocent persons were sentenced to death (Hook and Kahn 92). In Illinois alone, 12 death row inmates have been cleared and freed since 1987 (Execution Reconsidered). The most conclusive evidence in support of this â€Å"comes from the surprisingly large numbers of people whose convictions have been overturned and who have been freed from death† (Bedau 345). One out of every seven people sentenced to death row are innocent (Civiletti). That’s nearly 15% of death row inmates. The numbers are disturbing. Innocent people are becoming victims of the United States judicial system. A former president of the American Bar Association (ABA), John J. Curtin Jr., said it best when he told a congressional committee â€Å"Whatever you think about the death penalty, a system that will take life must first give justice. Execute justice, not people.† Though some of the innocent death row inmates have managed to escape their execution, there are numerous others who are unable to overturn their sentence through appeals. Many cases of innocence go unheard and result in the unfortunate fatality of an innocent. When the death penalty in 1972 was ruled unconstitutional in Furman v. Georgia, the Justices expected that the â€Å"adoption of narrowly crafted sent...

Best Chemistry Quotes

Best Chemistry Quotes This is a collection of chemistry quotes, relating to the science of chemistry or quotations from chemists about chemistry. Marie Curie â€Å"Scientist believe in things, not in persons† Robert B. Laughlin I also taught myself how to blow glass using a propane torch from the hardware store and managed to make some elementary chemistry plumbing such as tees and small glass bulbs. Roald Hoffmann I am a teacher, and I am proud of it. At Cornell University I have taught primarily undergraduates, and indeed almost every year since 1966 have taught first-year general chemistry. James W. Black I did help to set up an undergraduate course in medicinal chemistry and made progress in modeling and analyzing pharmacological activity at the tissue level, my new passion. Michael Polanyi And the actual achievements of biology are explanations in terms of mechanisms founded on physics and chemistry, which is not the same thing as explanations in terms of physics and chemistry. William Standish Knowles At Harvard, I majored in chemistry with a strong inclination toward math. Kenichi Fukui But the nature of my main work in chemistry can be better represented by more than 280 English publications, of which roughly 200 concern the theory of chemical reactions and related subjects. Adam Sandler Chemistry can be a good and bad thing. Chemistry is good when you make love with it. Chemistry is bad when you make crack with it. Frederick Soddy Chemistry has been termed by the physicist as the messy part of physics, but that is no reason why the physicists should be permitted to make a mess of chemistry when they invade it. Dennis Rodman Chemistry is a class you take in high school or college, where you figure out two plus two is 10, or something. Kenichi Fukui Chemistry itself knows altogether too well that - given the real fear that the scarcity of global resources and energy might threaten the unity of mankind - chemistry is in a position to make a contribution towards securing a true peace on earth. Antonio Perez Digital imaging is as much about chemistry as it is about semiconductors. Rudolph A. Marcus During my McGill years, I took a number of math courses, more than other students in chemistry. Tony Wilson Every band needs its own special chemistry. And Bez was a very good chemist. Donald Cram Few scientists acquainted with the chemistry of biological systems at the molecular level can avoid being inspired. Richard Ernst However, I survived and started to read all chemistry books that I could get a hand on, first some 19th century books from our home library that did not provide much reliable information, and then I emptied the rather extensive city library. John Pople I abandoned chemistry to concentrate on mathematics and physics. In 1942, I travelled to Cambridge to take the scholarship examination at Trinity College, received an award and entered the university in October 1943. Sydney Brenner I also became interested in chemistry and gradually accumulated enough test tubes and other glassware to do chemical experiments, using small quantities of chemicals purchased from a pharmacy supply house. Knute Rockne I enjoy talking to my football men and my chemistry classes and I feel sure that they are quite interested in what I have to say. Steve Blake I fell in love with Scotland and made good friends here, so I stayed after graduating with Honours in Chemistry. John Tesh I grew up wanting to be a musician, but my parents were sure I would starve to death. So, they put me in physics and chemistry. That eventually blew up, and I got into radio. Robert Huber I learned easily and had time to follow my inclination for sports (light athletics and skiing) and chemistry, which I taught myself by reading all textbooks I could get. Maya Lin I really enjoyed hanging out with some of the teachers. This one chemistry teacher, she liked hanging out. I liked making explosives. We would stay after school and blow things up. Martin Lewis Perl I was also interested in chemistry, but my parents were not willing to buy me a chemistry set. George Andrew Olah I was invited to join the newly established Central Chemical Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in 1954 and was able to establish a small research group in organic chemistry, housed in temporary laboratories of an industrial research institute. Burton Richter In 1948 I entered the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, undecided between studies of chemistry and physics, but my first year convinced me that physics was more interesting to me. John E. Walker In 1960, I went to St. Catherines College, Oxford, and received the B.A. degree in Chemistry in 1964. Jon Postel In a chemistry class there was a guy sitting in front of me doing what looked like a jigsaw puzzle or some really weird kind of thing. He told me he was writing a computer program. Paul D. Boyer In marked contrast to the University of Wisconsin, Biochemistry was hardly visible at Stanford in 1945, consisting of only two professors in the chemistry department. James Rainwater In my schooling through high school, I excelled mainly in chemistry, physics and mathematics. Jack Steinberger In the evenings I studied chemistry at the University of Chicago, the weekends I helped in the family store. George E. Brown, Jr. Industrial opportunities are going to stem more from the biological sciences than from chemistry and physics. I see biology as being the greatest area of scientific breakthroughs in the next generation. Wilhelm Ostwald It has pleased no less than surprised me that of the many studies whereby I have sought to extend the field of general chemistry, the highest scientific distinction that there is today has been awarded for those on catalysis. H. L. Mencken It is now quite lawful for a Catholic woman to avoid pregnancy by a resort to mathematics, though she is still forbidden to resort to physics or chemistry. Edward Thorndike Just as the science and art of agriculture depend upon chemistry and botany, so the art of education depends upon physiology and psychology. John Pople Leaving England was a painful decision, and we still have some regrets about it. However, at that time, the research environment for theoretical chemistry was clearly better in the U.S. Auguste Comte Men are not allowed to think freely about chemistry and biology: why should they be allowed to think freely about political philosophy? Camille Paglia Modern bodybuilding is ritual, religion, sport, art, and science, awash in Western chemistry and mathematics. Defying nature, it surpasses it. Kenneth G. Wilson My father was on the faculty in the Chemistry Department of Harvard University; my mother had one year of graduate work in physics before her marriage. Geoffrey Wilkinson My first introduction to chemistry came at a quite early age through my mothers elder brother. Rudolph A. Marcus My interest in the sciences started with mathematics in the very beginning, and later with chemistry in early high school and the proverbial home chemistry set. Michael Polanyi No inanimate object is ever fully determined by the laws of physics and chemistry. Thomas Huxley Nothing can be more incorrect than the assumption one sometimes meets with, that physics has one method, chemistry another, and biology a third. Johannes P. Muller Physiology is the science which treats of the properties of organic bodies, animal and vegetable, of the phenomena they present, and of the laws which govern their actions. Inorganic substances are the objects of other sciences, - physics and chemistry. Paul Berg That work led to the emergence of the recombinant DNA technology thereby providing a major tool for analyzing mammalian gene structure and function and formed the basis for me receiving the 1980 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Peter Hook The chemistry involved made everything Factory did quite special. Derek Harold Richard Barton The first serious applications were in triterpenoid chemistry. Paul Dirac The fundamental laws necessary for the mathematical treatment of a large part of physics and the whole of chemistry are thus completely known, and the difficulty lies only in the fact that application of these laws leads to equations that are too complex to be solved. Charles Babbage To those who have chosen the profession of medicine, a knowledge of chemistry, and of some branches of natural history, and, indeed, of several other departments of science, affords useful assistance. Jeremy Rifkin We were making the first step out of the age of chemistry and physics, and into the age of biology. Tim Hardaway You have to look at how chemistry develops. Johannes Vilhelm Jensen The grounding in natural sciences which I obtained in the course of my medical studies, including preliminary examinations in botany, zoology, physics, and chemistry, was to become decisive in determining the trend of my literary work. Dixie Lee Ray The organic material, as the laws of chemistry state, can neither be created nor destroyed.